The role of the structure of each part of the microscope
2021-07-17
The role of the structure of each part of the microscope
1. Eyepiece
The magnification is engraved above the eyepiece, such as 10×, 20×, etc. According to the size of the field of view, eyepieces can be divided into ordinary eyepieces and wide-angle eyepieces. Some microscopes also have a diopter adjustment mechanism attached to the eyepieces, and the operator can adjust the diopter of the left and right eyes separately. Another camera eyepiece (NFK) can be used for shooting.
2. Objective
Composed of an array of lenses, mounted on the converter, also known as the objective lens. The selection of the objective lens in the observation process generally follows the order from low to high, because the low power lens has a large field of view, which is convenient for finding the specific part to be inspected. The magnification of a microscope can be roughly regarded as the product of the magnification of the eyepiece and the magnification of the objective lens.
3. Concentrator
The function of the condenser lens is to focus the light in the field of view; the iridescent aperture below the lens group can be opened and reduced to control the light range of the condenser, adjust the light intensity, and affect the resolution and contrast of the image. When in use, it should be adjusted according to the purpose of observation and the intensity of the light source to obtain the best imaging effect.
4. Light source
Earlier ordinary optical microscopes used the reflector on the lens base to reflect natural light or light to the center of the condenser lens as the light source for microscopy. The reflector is composed of a flat surface and another concave mirror.
When a condenser is not used or when the light is strong, a concave mirror is used. The concave mirror can converge the light; when a condenser or the light is weak, a flat mirror is generally used. Newly produced microscopes generally have a light source installed directly on the lens holder, and a current adjustment screw is used to adjust the light intensity.
5. Mirror holder
The base part is used to support the stability of the entire microscope.
6. Mirror column
The upright short post between the mirror base and the mirror arm plays the role of connection and support.
7. Mirror arm
The arcuate part behind the microscope is the part to hold when moving the microscope. Some microscopes have a movable tilt joint between the mirror arm and the mirror column, which can adjust the angle of the lens barrel to tilt backward for easy observation.
8. Lens tube
A cylindrical structure installed at the tip of the arm, with the eyepiece on the top and the objective lens converter on the bottom. The international standard tube length of the microscope is 160 mm, and this number is marked on the housing of the objective lens.
9. Objective lens converter
The freely rotatable disk at the lower end of the lens barrel is used to install the objective lens. During observation, the objective lens of different magnification can be exchanged by turning the converter.
10. Stage
There is a round light hole in the center of the platform under the lens barrel. Used to place glass slides. The stage is equipped with a spring clamp to fix the specimen, and there is a pusher on one side to move the position of the specimen. Some pushers are also attached with scales, which can directly calculate the distance moved by the specimen and determine the position of the specimen.
11. Quasi-focus spiral
Two large and small spirals mounted on the mirror arm or lens column can move the lens barrel or the stage up and down when rotating, thereby adjusting the focal length of the imaging system. The larger one is called the coarse collimation screw, and the lens barrel rises and lowers by 10mm for each rotation; the small one is the fine collimation spiral, and one rotation can make the lens barrel only 0.1mm. Generally, when observing an object under a low magnification lens, the image of the object is quickly adjusted with a coarse collimation screw to keep it in the field of view.
1. Eyepiece
The magnification is engraved above the eyepiece, such as 10×, 20×, etc. According to the size of the field of view, eyepieces can be divided into ordinary eyepieces and wide-angle eyepieces. Some microscopes also have a diopter adjustment mechanism attached to the eyepieces, and the operator can adjust the diopter of the left and right eyes separately. Another camera eyepiece (NFK) can be used for shooting.
2. Objective
Composed of an array of lenses, mounted on the converter, also known as the objective lens. The selection of the objective lens in the observation process generally follows the order from low to high, because the low power lens has a large field of view, which is convenient for finding the specific part to be inspected. The magnification of a microscope can be roughly regarded as the product of the magnification of the eyepiece and the magnification of the objective lens.
3. Concentrator
The function of the condenser lens is to focus the light in the field of view; the iridescent aperture below the lens group can be opened and reduced to control the light range of the condenser, adjust the light intensity, and affect the resolution and contrast of the image. When in use, it should be adjusted according to the purpose of observation and the intensity of the light source to obtain the best imaging effect.
4. Light source
Earlier ordinary optical microscopes used the reflector on the lens base to reflect natural light or light to the center of the condenser lens as the light source for microscopy. The reflector is composed of a flat surface and another concave mirror.
When a condenser is not used or when the light is strong, a concave mirror is used. The concave mirror can converge the light; when a condenser or the light is weak, a flat mirror is generally used. Newly produced microscopes generally have a light source installed directly on the lens holder, and a current adjustment screw is used to adjust the light intensity.
5. Mirror holder
The base part is used to support the stability of the entire microscope.
6. Mirror column
The upright short post between the mirror base and the mirror arm plays the role of connection and support.
7. Mirror arm
The arcuate part behind the microscope is the part to hold when moving the microscope. Some microscopes have a movable tilt joint between the mirror arm and the mirror column, which can adjust the angle of the lens barrel to tilt backward for easy observation.
8. Lens tube
A cylindrical structure installed at the tip of the arm, with the eyepiece on the top and the objective lens converter on the bottom. The international standard tube length of the microscope is 160 mm, and this number is marked on the housing of the objective lens.
9. Objective lens converter
The freely rotatable disk at the lower end of the lens barrel is used to install the objective lens. During observation, the objective lens of different magnification can be exchanged by turning the converter.
10. Stage
There is a round light hole in the center of the platform under the lens barrel. Used to place glass slides. The stage is equipped with a spring clamp to fix the specimen, and there is a pusher on one side to move the position of the specimen. Some pushers are also attached with scales, which can directly calculate the distance moved by the specimen and determine the position of the specimen.
11. Quasi-focus spiral
Two large and small spirals mounted on the mirror arm or lens column can move the lens barrel or the stage up and down when rotating, thereby adjusting the focal length of the imaging system. The larger one is called the coarse collimation screw, and the lens barrel rises and lowers by 10mm for each rotation; the small one is the fine collimation spiral, and one rotation can make the lens barrel only 0.1mm. Generally, when observing an object under a low magnification lens, the image of the object is quickly adjusted with a coarse collimation screw to keep it in the field of view.
On this basis, or when using a high-power lens, fine-tune with a fine collimating spiral. It must be noted that general microscopes are equipped with two sets of quasi-focus spirals on the left and right, which have the same effect, but do not rotate the spirals on both sides with both hands at the same time to prevent the twisting force caused by the uneven strength of the hands, which may cause the spiral to slip.
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